/*
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 */

#include "BitmapFontAtlasGenerator.hpp"
#include "Base/Logger.hpp"

namespace
{
	using namespace OpenVulkano;

	struct GlyphForPacking
	{
		uint32_t code;
		size_t firstGlyphByteInAtlas;
		Math::Vector2d atlasPos;
		Math::Vector2i wh;
	};

	struct Shelf
	{
		Shelf(uint32_t width, uint32_t height) : m_width(width), m_height(height), m_remainingWidth(width) {}
		bool HasSpaceForGlyph(uint32_t glyphWidth, uint32_t glyphHeight) const
		{
			return m_remainingWidth >= glyphWidth && m_height >= glyphHeight;
		}
		uint32_t GetWidth() const { return m_width; }
		uint32_t GetHeight() const { return m_height; }
		uint32_t GetNextGlyphPos() const { return m_nextGlyphPos; };
		uint32_t GetOccupiedSize() const { return ((m_width - m_remainingWidth) * m_height); }
		std::optional<uint32_t> AddGlyph(uint32_t glyphWidth, uint32_t glyphHeight)
		{
			if (!HasSpaceForGlyph(glyphWidth, glyphHeight))
			{
				return {};
			}
			uint32_t insertionPos = m_nextGlyphPos;
			m_nextGlyphPos += glyphWidth;
			m_remainingWidth -= glyphWidth;
			return insertionPos;
		}

	private:
		uint32_t m_width;
		uint32_t m_height;
		uint32_t m_remainingWidth;
		uint32_t m_nextGlyphPos = 0;
	};

	std::vector<Shelf> CreateShelves(uint32_t atlasWidth, std::vector<GlyphForPacking>& glyphs, const Scene::FtFaceRecPtr& face)
	{
		std::vector<Shelf> shelves;
		for (GlyphForPacking& glyph : glyphs)
		{
			FT_Error error = FT_Load_Char(face.get(), glyph.code, FT_LOAD_RENDER);
			if (error)
			{
				continue;
			}

			FT_GlyphSlot slot = face->glyph;
			bool needNewShelf = true;
			uint32_t totalPrevShelvesHeight = 0;
			for (Shelf& shelf : shelves)
			{
				if (std::optional<uint32_t> insertionPosX = shelf.AddGlyph(glyph.wh.x, glyph.wh.y))
				{
					glyph.firstGlyphByteInAtlas = *insertionPosX + (totalPrevShelvesHeight * atlasWidth);
					glyph.atlasPos.x = *insertionPosX;
					glyph.atlasPos.y = totalPrevShelvesHeight;
					needNewShelf = false;
					break;
				}
				totalPrevShelvesHeight += shelf.GetHeight();
			}

			if (needNewShelf)
			{
				shelves.emplace_back(atlasWidth, glyph.wh.y);
				shelves.back().AddGlyph(glyph.wh.x, glyph.wh.y);
				glyph.firstGlyphByteInAtlas = totalPrevShelvesHeight * atlasWidth;
				glyph.atlasPos.x = 0;
				glyph.atlasPos.y = totalPrevShelvesHeight;
			}
		}
		return shelves;
	}
}

namespace OpenVulkano::Scene
{
	void BitmapFontAtlasGenerator::GenerateAtlas(const std::string& fontFile, const std::set<uint32_t>& charset,
	                                             const std::optional<std::string>& pngOutput)
	{
		Generate(fontFile, charset, pngOutput);
	}

	void BitmapFontAtlasGenerator::GenerateAtlas(const Array<char>& fontData, const std::set<uint32_t>& charset,
	                                             const std::optional<std::string>& pngOutput)
	{
		Generate(fontData, charset, pngOutput);
	}

	void BitmapFontAtlasGenerator::Generate(const std::variant<std::string, Array<char>>& source,
	                                        const std::set<uint32_t>& chset,
	                                        const std::optional<std::string>& pngOutput)
	{
		if (chset.empty())
		{
			Logger::APP->info("Charset is empty. Nothing to generate.");
			return;
		}

		m_atlasData = std::make_shared<AtlasData>();
		const auto& [lib, face] = FontAtlasGeneratorBase::InitFreetype(source);
		if (m_pixelSizeConfig.isPixelSize)
		{
			FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(face.get(), 0, m_pixelSizeConfig.size);
		}
		else
		{
			const float pixelSize = (m_pixelSizeConfig.size * m_pixelSizeConfig.dpi) / 72.0f;
			FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(face.get(), 0, pixelSize);
		}

		FT_Error error = 0;
		double area = 0;
		std::vector<GlyphForPacking> allGlyphs;
		allGlyphs.reserve(chset.size());
		for (uint32_t codepoint : chset)
		{
			error = FT_Load_Char(face.get(), codepoint, FT_LOAD_RENDER);
			if (error)
			{
				Logger::APP->error("FT_Load_Char for codepoint {} has failed. {}", codepoint, GetFreetypeErrorDescription(error));
				continue;
			}
			FT_GlyphSlot slot = face->glyph;
			unsigned int h = slot->bitmap.rows;
			unsigned int w = slot->bitmap.width;
			GlyphForPacking& glyph = allGlyphs.emplace_back();
			glyph.code = codepoint;
			glyph.wh = { slot->bitmap.width, slot->bitmap.rows };
			area += h * w;
		}

		const double sq = ceil(sqrt(area));
		std::sort(allGlyphs.begin(), allGlyphs.end(), [](const GlyphForPacking& a, const GlyphForPacking& b) { return a.wh.y > b.wh.y; });
		std::vector<Shelf> shelves = ::CreateShelves(sq, allGlyphs, face);
		uint32_t atlasHeight = 0;
		std::for_each(shelves.begin(), shelves.end(), [&](const Shelf& shelf) { atlasHeight += shelf.GetHeight(); });
		const Math::Vector2ui atlasResolution = { sq, atlasHeight };

		// same as in msdfgen lib by default. see import-font.h for reference
		// TODO: probably also support keeping coordinates as the integer values native to the font file
		// but since some algorithms have already been implemented for EM_NORMALIZED mode, currently there is no support for default font metrics (ints)
		// The coordinates will be normalized to the em size, i.e. 1 = 1 em
		const double scaleFactor = (1. / face->units_per_EM);
		SetupAtlasData(atlasResolution, face->height * scaleFactor, FontAtlasType::BITMAP);

		size_t loadedGlyphs = 0;
		for (const GlyphForPacking& glyph : allGlyphs)
		{
			error = FT_Load_Char(face.get(), glyph.code, FT_LOAD_RENDER);
			if (error)
			{
				Logger::APP->error("FT_Load_Char for codepoint {} has failed. {}", glyph.code,
				                   GetFreetypeErrorDescription(error));
				continue;
			}

			FT_GlyphSlot slot = face->glyph;
			for (int row = 0; row < slot->bitmap.rows; row++)
			{
				for (int col = 0; col < slot->bitmap.width; col++)
				{
					m_atlasData->img->data[glyph.firstGlyphByteInAtlas + row * atlasResolution.x + col] =
					slot->bitmap.buffer[(slot->bitmap.rows - 1 - row) * slot->bitmap.pitch + col];
				}
			}

			GlyphInfo& glyphInfo = m_atlasData->glyphs[glyph.code];
			const Math::Vector2d glyphMetrics = { slot->metrics.width * scaleFactor,
				                                  slot->metrics.height * scaleFactor };
			const Math::Vector2d glyphBearing = { slot->metrics.horiBearingX * scaleFactor,
				                                  slot->metrics.horiBearingY * scaleFactor };
			Math::AABB glyphAtlasAABB(Math::Vector3f(glyph.atlasPos.x, glyph.atlasPos.y, 0), Math::Vector3f(glyph.atlasPos.x + slot->bitmap.width, glyph.atlasPos.y + slot->bitmap.rows, 0));
			SetGlyphData(glyphInfo, glyphBearing, glyphMetrics, glyphAtlasAABB, slot->advance.x * scaleFactor);
			loadedGlyphs++;
		}

		if (pngOutput)
		{
			SavePng(*pngOutput);
		}
		Logger::APP->debug("Created atlas with {} glyphs, {} glyphs could not be loaded", loadedGlyphs, chset.size() - loadedGlyphs);
	}
}